Nieman Foundation at Harvard
News organizations across the board have largely embraced the notion that the future of digital news will be lighter on advertising and heavier on subscriptions and other forms of reader support. Less clear, though, is what that ideal audience revenue model will look like, and, for the organizations that currently lack one, the best route to make the business shift happen.
A new report from from Elizabeth Hansen at the Tow Center for Digital Journalism and Emily Goligoski at the Membership Puzzle Project offers more clarity. A product of hundreds of conversations with newsroom managers, reporters, and even members themselves, the 121-page report offers a lot of insight into what makes an effective reader revenue model work, and a framework for how news organizations can implement their own.
The report was written to give news organizations a clearer picture of “the limitations and sheer amount of effort that goes into developing reader revenue models,” said Goligoski. “We obviously want to shine a light for people new to the space, but we also want to give them a realistic picture of what the whole process takes.”
Here are a few of the takeaways from the report, which you can find in full here.
— There’s still no perfect community management system designed for news organizations. Running a membership- or donation-based business involves a lot of complexities when it comes to customer data. Not only must sites collect basic data about their users (email addresses, payment information, etc), but they also have to match that data with specific messaging campaigns and even specific stories to determine what is most effective at driving subscriptions.
— Membership programs without content-engagement strategies aren’t really memberships. One of the core arguments made in the report is that membership models require some degree of back-and-forth engagement with members. Some of these models can be “light touch” or “thin,” with features such as reader forms and member-only newsletters, while others are more “high touch,” with more pronounced interactions. Some publications’ membership programs, on the other hand, “are membership in name only and operate much more like subscription strategies, with little or no audience engagement,” Hansen and Goligoski write.
The report also stresses repeatedly that deep engagement with readers needs be a core part of membership products if they’re going to be successful. In concrete terms: “Sites such as De Correspondent in the Netherlands anticipate that its reporting staff will spend approximately one third to half of its working time in communication with readers.”
— Embracing membership models often requires a real culture shift. Despite the Internet’s ability to facilitate direct communication with readers, many reporters still cling to the pre-web ethos of speaking to readers rather than hearing from them. That’s slowly changing, especially at places like ProPublica and The Texas Tribune, but there’s still often an overall discomfort among reporters newly encouraged to break down the wall between them and their readers.
But one of the most challenging cultural shifts on this front isn’t how reporters talk to readers but how news organizations talk about themselves. “For most publications, this is a new muscle they have to build,” said Hansen. “They have to excel at telling their own story as a publication and as an organization. That’s been one of the things we’ve heard most that people have been wrestling with.”
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Nevertheless, when Emperor Xuanzong ascended to the throne the following yr, this coverage was reversed, and the brand new coins have been recast to make Buddhist statues. The capital, Luoyang, was taken, and the Emperor fled to Sichuan. It was first issued by the Emperor Gao Zu in the autumn of the 4th yr of the Wu De interval (August 621). Its diameter was to be 8 fen. A great variety of coinage, together with large and base metallic coins, was issued on this space. One of the rebels, Shi Siming, issued coins at Luoyang from 758. Shi was killed in 761, and the revolt was finally suppressed in 763 with the assistance of international troops. In 755, a revolt started in the north-west of China. De Yi yuan bao (Chinese language: 得壹元寶; pinyin: de yī yuánbǎo; lit. After scenes that foreshadowed the Xianfeng period (1853), with lots of of individuals executed for forgery, the large Qian Yuan coins have been devalued to 30 cash. Their weight was twice that of the 10 cash coins. Coins of the first issue, in 758, were the equal of 10 bizarre cash.
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Men are hunters they like the chase.. Women and men have completely different outlooks on the subject of courting. Loving the appropriate means comes with defined, thoughtful action. The few occasions he gets up the nerve to approach her, something will get in the way in which and messes issues up. People who date typically do issues collectively that two or more friends can do, like go out to eat or see a movie, besides there are totally different ideas and feelings concerned. Then, why you want to lack behind? Similar to a coach on the gym helps you push yourself, a relationship coach kicks your love life into shape. When you are exploring a new relationship, the very last thing you wish to do is ponder how it might end, though that is precisely why we’re often suggested to keep our work life and personal life separate. That means the last thing she wants to see is your profile image obscured by goofy Snapchat filters. This implies that you wouldn’t flip a dangerous shade of crimson should your mother or father accidentally stumble throughout it!
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Two design groups had been formed in Germany and one in France. In 1955, ten years after the top of World War II, the Federal Republic of Germany was allowed to rearm and was invited to affix the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO). Since then, Israel has existed in a technical state of warfare with each of its Arab neighbors besides Egypt. This combination of drawbacks made the T-62 significantly susceptible to Israeli tanks during the 1973 Yom Kippur War and the 1982 invasion of Lebanon. Both tanks lack return rollers, however the T-sixty two has six highway wheels on a facet whereas the T-55 has only 5. In 1995, Kiribati moved a chunk of the road to the east so that all the nation was on the same facet. The commander and gunner are within the turret on the left facet; the loader on the best aspect. Turret armor ranges from 2 inches on the front to 2.4 inches on the sides and rear.
The third model, the 1A3, was fitted with new spaced armor and an integral storage bin on the rear of the turret. The whole turret is solid in a single piece. Its Horstmann-style suspension system makes it one of the most cellular off-street tanks in the world at present, The Merkava I and Merkava II are geared up with a 105 millimeter gun, which is small by immediately’s MBT requirements, However the Merkavas fireplace Hetz armor-piercing, fin-stabilized, discarding sabot rounds, which may penetrate MBT armor at ranges higher than 5,000 yards, The tank is geared up with a laser range finder that’s connected to a ballistic computer that offers the tank first-spherical hit functionality. It was closely armoured and had a powerful gun, making it effective in opposition to both German tanks and infantry. The following yr the German government determined that the Standardpanzer design, now known as the Leopard, was extra suitable for its needs.
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