Let’s see if this sounds familiar.
You’re scrolling Twitter and you see a link to a story that sounds interesting. You click it, head to the newspaper’s website, and are greeted with an interstitial ad.
“This story is for subscribers only!” Or the dreaded “You’ve reached your limit of free articles” — even though this is the first time you’ve come to this site in months. The ad gives you the chance to subscribe for $10 a month to support local journalism, but that’s an investment in a paper you read irregularly at best.
You think to yourself: “Self — why is it subscribe or nothing? I’m happy to support good journalism, but how is it nearly 2022 and I still can’t pay to read a single online news article?”
This is the year that starts to change. 2022 is the year that more publishers can, will, and should start offering day passes to read articles.
In the past, ideas like this have been broadly referred to as “micropayments.” But that sounds vaguely associated with crypto, and who wants that?
So just think of them as day passes. It’s the digital equivalent of buying the paper. It doesn’t seem like a viable option to make people pay $1 to read a single news article. (That’s a lot of dough for a 600-word column on why the Bills can’t score in the red zone.) And charging people a few pennies per article feels too complicated and unsustainable.
Instead, news organizations can give readers the option for a day pass. $1 gets you 24-hour access to all stories on a site. Most news organizations are already tracking IP addresses for traditional paywall purposes, so the technology exists at a wide scale, and a number of publishers have given it a try. But few outlets have the time or resources to manage every pay-to-read purchase, the same way they weren’t responsible for every single-issue sale. Axate, a U.K.-based company, is doing some interesting things in this space, allowing publishers to set up day passes, subscriptions, donations, or newsletter packages.
To be clear, this isn’t an idea to save daily journalism, because it won’t. Much of the research into this area, from the early to mid-2000s, examined this idea on a macro level, as a business model to support daily journalism. And the results of those studies were mixed. But as a complementary business model, it’s a way to serve readers while providing news organizations with another revenue stream.
Let’s clear one thing up, though: This is not about correcting the “original sin” of newspapers being blindsided by the internet and not charging for news online — for getting people used to free news by giving it away.
For one thing, as Pablo Boczkowski wrote, newspapers did try to adapt to digital technologies as early as the 1980s — but they did so by adopting reactive, defensive, and pragmatic strategies. Newspapers tried to adapt to the internet, but it was always done in a way that first and foremost protected the print product. The internet was always seen as this extra, bonus thing that complemented the print edition instead of making it the focal point. This wasn’t something that happened to newspapers; it was something that happened because of how newspapers acted.
It’s also worth remembering that back in those early days of the web (the mid-to-late 1990s), there was a real hesitation to pay for content online. “Information yearns to be free” was the defining sociology of the early internet. Also, regular people were hesitant to pay for things online, which was seen as not secure, weird, and a little pathetic. (There’s a scene in “The Net” where Sandra Bullock’s character orders a pizza online and it’s presented as evidence of a sad, lonely life.) It wasn’t until 2004, with the launch of the iTunes Store, that it became more mainstream to pay for content online.
But the bigger issue is that the digital age yielded the most significant change to media in our lifetime — possibly the most significant change since the advent of broadcasting. As Vin Crosbie wrote, our media options have moved from scarcity to abundance. The business model that supported newspapers and daily journalism throughout the mass media age is fundamentally incompatible with the realities of the digital age.
Which means that for daily journalism to survive, any new business model needs to be centered on that reality.
Subscriptions are and will remain the gold standard for digital media companies. They’re a regular source of steady income from your most engaged readers. They’re the people who care most, who are buying in. And yes, it makes more economic sense for them to spend, say, $5 a month on a subscription rather than buying a $1 daily pass every day.
But that was also true in the print era: It was always cheaper to have the paper delivered than to buy it on the newsstand. And relying only on subscriptions isn’t the be-all and end-all — The Athletic, which for years was one of digital media’s success stories, is struggling to match the growth demands of its investors through just subscriptions. It’s both looking for a potential buyer and possibly accepting ads.
Also, we’re in the middle of the Subscription-Pocalypse, so we can’t rely on people having the time, money, or attention to add another subscription to their inboxes.
Day passes won’t save local news or daily journalism. There’s no magic bullet, and after 20-plus years, it’s time for us in and around the industry to stop looking for that one perfect business model that will save everything.
But there are people in the audience who click on your links, who want to read your work and who want to financially support local journalism. In 2022, it’s time to give them a better way to do that.
Brian Moritz is director of online journalism master’s programs at St. Bonaventure University.
Let’s see if this sounds familiar.
You’re scrolling Twitter and you see a link to a story that sounds interesting. You click it, head to the newspaper’s website, and are greeted with an interstitial ad.
“This story is for subscribers only!” Or the dreaded “You’ve reached your limit of free articles” — even though this is the first time you’ve come to this site in months. The ad gives you the chance to subscribe for $10 a month to support local journalism, but that’s an investment in a paper you read irregularly at best.
You think to yourself: “Self — why is it subscribe or nothing? I’m happy to support good journalism, but how is it nearly 2022 and I still can’t pay to read a single online news article?”
This is the year that starts to change. 2022 is the year that more publishers can, will, and should start offering day passes to read articles.
In the past, ideas like this have been broadly referred to as “micropayments.” But that sounds vaguely associated with crypto, and who wants that?
So just think of them as day passes. It’s the digital equivalent of buying the paper. It doesn’t seem like a viable option to make people pay $1 to read a single news article. (That’s a lot of dough for a 600-word column on why the Bills can’t score in the red zone.) And charging people a few pennies per article feels too complicated and unsustainable.
Instead, news organizations can give readers the option for a day pass. $1 gets you 24-hour access to all stories on a site. Most news organizations are already tracking IP addresses for traditional paywall purposes, so the technology exists at a wide scale, and a number of publishers have given it a try. But few outlets have the time or resources to manage every pay-to-read purchase, the same way they weren’t responsible for every single-issue sale. Axate, a U.K.-based company, is doing some interesting things in this space, allowing publishers to set up day passes, subscriptions, donations, or newsletter packages.
To be clear, this isn’t an idea to save daily journalism, because it won’t. Much of the research into this area, from the early to mid-2000s, examined this idea on a macro level, as a business model to support daily journalism. And the results of those studies were mixed. But as a complementary business model, it’s a way to serve readers while providing news organizations with another revenue stream.
Let’s clear one thing up, though: This is not about correcting the “original sin” of newspapers being blindsided by the internet and not charging for news online — for getting people used to free news by giving it away.
For one thing, as Pablo Boczkowski wrote, newspapers did try to adapt to digital technologies as early as the 1980s — but they did so by adopting reactive, defensive, and pragmatic strategies. Newspapers tried to adapt to the internet, but it was always done in a way that first and foremost protected the print product. The internet was always seen as this extra, bonus thing that complemented the print edition instead of making it the focal point. This wasn’t something that happened to newspapers; it was something that happened because of how newspapers acted.
It’s also worth remembering that back in those early days of the web (the mid-to-late 1990s), there was a real hesitation to pay for content online. “Information yearns to be free” was the defining sociology of the early internet. Also, regular people were hesitant to pay for things online, which was seen as not secure, weird, and a little pathetic. (There’s a scene in “The Net” where Sandra Bullock’s character orders a pizza online and it’s presented as evidence of a sad, lonely life.) It wasn’t until 2004, with the launch of the iTunes Store, that it became more mainstream to pay for content online.
But the bigger issue is that the digital age yielded the most significant change to media in our lifetime — possibly the most significant change since the advent of broadcasting. As Vin Crosbie wrote, our media options have moved from scarcity to abundance. The business model that supported newspapers and daily journalism throughout the mass media age is fundamentally incompatible with the realities of the digital age.
Which means that for daily journalism to survive, any new business model needs to be centered on that reality.
Subscriptions are and will remain the gold standard for digital media companies. They’re a regular source of steady income from your most engaged readers. They’re the people who care most, who are buying in. And yes, it makes more economic sense for them to spend, say, $5 a month on a subscription rather than buying a $1 daily pass every day.
But that was also true in the print era: It was always cheaper to have the paper delivered than to buy it on the newsstand. And relying only on subscriptions isn’t the be-all and end-all — The Athletic, which for years was one of digital media’s success stories, is struggling to match the growth demands of its investors through just subscriptions. It’s both looking for a potential buyer and possibly accepting ads.
Also, we’re in the middle of the Subscription-Pocalypse, so we can’t rely on people having the time, money, or attention to add another subscription to their inboxes.
Day passes won’t save local news or daily journalism. There’s no magic bullet, and after 20-plus years, it’s time for us in and around the industry to stop looking for that one perfect business model that will save everything.
But there are people in the audience who click on your links, who want to read your work and who want to financially support local journalism. In 2022, it’s time to give them a better way to do that.
Brian Moritz is director of online journalism master’s programs at St. Bonaventure University.
Wilson Liévano
Cherian George
Jennifer Coogan
Francesco Zaffarano
Matthew Pressman
Meena Thiruvengadam
Mandy Jenkins
Jody Brannon
Tamar Charney
Whitney Phillips
Matt DeRienzo
Jennifer Brandel
Paul Cheung
Stephen Fowler
Joanne McNeil
Joe Amditis
Melody Kramer
Amy Schmitz Weiss
Juleyka Lantigua
Chicas Poderosas
Doris Truong
Simon Galperin
Amara Aguilar
Ståle Grut
Andrew Freedman
Eric Nuzum
Julia Angwin
David Cohn
Rasmus Kleis Nielsen
Cristina Tardáguila
Nikki Usher
Simon Allison
Burt Herman
Daniel Eilemberg
Tom Trewinnard
Anita Varma
A.J. Bauer
Matt Karolian
Janelle Salanga
Zizi Papacharissi
Anthony Nadler
Jesse Holcomb
Kerri Hoffman
Mike Rispoli
Tony Baranowski
Rachel Glickhouse
Jim Friedlich
Megan McCarthy
Millie Tran
Shannon McGregor Carolyn Schmitt
S. Mitra Kalita
Candace Amos
Kendra Pierre-Louis
Izabella Kaminska
Kathleen Searles Rebekah Trumble
John Davidow
Kristen Jeffers
Raney Aronson-Rath
Natalia Viana
Don Day
Jessica Clark
Moreno Cruz Osório
Cindy Royal
Jesenia De Moya Correa
Laxmi Parthasarathy
Parker Molloy
j. Siguru Wahutu
Shalabh Upadhyay
Catalina Albeanu
Stefanie Murray
Gabe Schneider
Victor Pickard
Kristen Muller
Julia Munslow
James Green
Sarah Stonbely
Mario García
Jonas Kaiser
Gonzalo del Peon
Mary Walter-Brown
Sam Guzik
AX Mina
Christoph Mergerson
Anika Anand
Larry Ryckman
Christina Shih
Chase Davis
Richard Tofel
Joni Deutsch
Sarah Marshall
Alice Antheaume
Michael W. Wagner
Ariel Zirulnick
Joy Mayer
Joshua P. Darr
Errin Haines
David Skok
Gordon Crovitz
Robert Hernandez
Brian Moritz